From: Mapping implementation strategies to reach community-dwelling older adults in Northwest Switzerland
Steps | Definition by Fernandez and colleagues [26] |
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1. Conduction of an implementation needs assessment | Identification of barriers and facilitators for implementation, as well as of relevant members of the public at different levels who are crucial for the adoption, implementation and sustainment of an intervention. |
2. Identification of implementation outcomes, performance objectives, personal determinants, and development of matrices of change objectives | Implementation outcomes or indicators for the effectiveness of implementation strategies. Performance objectives refers to tasks/behaviors required for each member of the public in order to adopt, implement or sustain an intervention. Personal determinants are modifiable factors internal to members of the public that might influence the adoption and implementation of an intervention. Development of matrices of change objectives to register the discrete changes required in each determinant in order to achieve the performance objective. |
3. Selection of theory-based methods and implementation strategies to operationalize these methods | Theory-based methods are techniques to influence the determinants identified in step 2. Multiple methods can address one determinant and a method can influence various determinants. To operationalize these methods, implementation strategies need to be selected. |
4. Production of implementation protocols and materials | Production of protocols for each implementation strategy. These protocols may include the purpose of the material, audience, targeted determinants and change objectives, theoretical methods or draft content. |
5. Evaluation of implementation outcomes | Development of a plan to evaluate whether the implementation strategies have led to intended implementation outcomes and the specific implementation actions needed to implement the intervention (performance objectives). |