Fig. 3

a Frequency of use of each implementation strategy across intervention and control arms. b Frequency of combinations of implementation strategies in interventions assessed in included studies. EMeet = educational meetings, EMat = educational materials, CPG = clinical practice guidelines, R = reminders, A&F = audit and feedback, EO = educational outreach, TI = tailored interventions, OL = local opinion leaders, PMI = patient-mediated interventions, MPDH = monitoring the performance of delivery of healthcare, LCP = local consensus processes, CIR = clinical incident reporting, IPE = interprofessional education, COP = communities of practice, MS = managerial supervision, RPROM = routine patient-reported outcome measures, CQI = continuous quality improvement, EGames = educational games