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Table 1 Key themes

From: Ethical issues in implementation science: perspectives from a National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute workshop

Underlying Ethical Principles

Implementation science does not require new ethical principles but requires attention to context

Heterogeneous Study Populations

Different types of people play different roles as subjects or participants in research. Healthcare workers, community members, and patients may have fundamentally different relationships to research

Informed Consent

Individual informed consent is often not necessary or may be inappropriate, but communication matters and is not limited to formal consent processes

Autonomy and Behavior Change

Implementation studies designed to encourage evidence-based behaviors through manipulation of choice architecture require clarity about the extent to which autonomy is threatened or promoted in different contexts

Social and Cultural Context

Attention to social and cultural context is essential

Oversight and Protection

The ideal oversight structure must promote research while providing appropriate protections

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Implementation Science

ISSN: 1748-5908